Design and Technology Project The artefact

Question: Describe about the Design and Technology Project for The artefact. Answer: Introduction As part of Assignment 1 under Design and Technology Project, we have to Design, make and appraise an artefact which could be used as a teaching aid. The artefact must be made up of at least two recycled items and should have a moving part. Following are the details of artefact work done for Assignment: Teaching Aid : Artefact on 'Rotation of Earth' Subject Area : Science Educational Concept covered : What causes day and Night? Age Group : 6-10 years Brainstorming Ideas As part of building an artefact, an initial exercise was done to decide on the model theme. For this, different ideas and thoughts were brainstormed and jotted down. Some of the ideas included: Subject Area: Mathematics Snake and Ladder: Idea was to build a snake and ladder on a cardboard with numbers 1-100 on it. This will have included a dice as well which will have numbers 1 till 6. So as the players play the game they can basically earn number sequence, increasing and decreasing numbers etc. Subject Area: Science Wind Vane: Idea was to build a wind vane which can indicate wind direction. It basically consists of asymmetrical shaped object with its centre of gravity about a vertical axis. As the wind blows the vane rotates around vertical axis to settle in the direction of wind. This would have covered concept of how wind blows from one shore to other and concept of force to change objects position. Rotation of Earth: this is the artefact that is chosen as part of assignment and will be detailed in subsequent sections. Deciding on project In the above section, different ideas were penned. Now each idea/though was nailed down to understand that it meets assignment objective and feasibility top the best possible extent. Snake and Ladder: This was rejected because there was no moving part in this artefact. The only thing is that dice will be rolled turn by turn by players which may not meet objective: Artefact should have a moving part. Wind Vane: Although this has a moving part, but it did not cover much from the education concept perspective. Secondly this theme did not had much human interaction for the moving part (as wind will force object position change). Considering these two pints this idea was rejected. Rotation of Earth: This was one of the idea that was finalised and finally adopted for this exercise. This theme fairly covers the 2 drawback highlighted in above ideas. As we will see in subsequent section it has a moving part, covers good educational concept and has substantial human interaction while use so as to invoke thinking and understanding the concept. Hence this theme was finalised and taken forward for further work as described below. Stages of construction Concept: The sun rises and sets daily every day. We see the sun rise in the east. At noon it is at its highest position in the sky; and there after descends and disappears in the west. (ThePetRockFamily, 2011) The Earth is always moving around the sun. As the Earth rotates, the sun seems to disappear and reappear, forming day and night. Every twenty four hours the Earth makes one complete turn. The sun shines on Earth as it spins. But, the sunlight falls only on half of the Earth, facing the sun. The part of the Earth that receives light has the day, while the other part has night. (Crash Course Kids, 2015) Earths axis passes through the North Pole and the South Pole. An axis is an imaginary line drawn between the North and the South Poles. Each complete turn off Earth on its axis is called Rotation (LittleOrisek1, 2011). It takes twenty four hours to complete one Rotation or one day. The Earths Rotation is daily responsible for the daily episodes of day and night (Matt Williams, 2016). It also causes rising and falling of tides in the seas and the oceans. The direction of Earth's rotation is counter clockwise (when looking from above the North Pole) Because Earth rotates counter clockwise, it appears the Sun rises in the East and sets in the West How does Earths rotation cause day and night? The earth rotates once in 24 hours (Kidport, 2012) The earth rotation is responsible for daily cycles of day and night (Mandy Barrow, 2013) At any one moment in time, one half of the earth is in sunlight while the other 1/2 is in dark. As the earth rotates, we get day and night. (Douglas Bennett, 2000-2001) The edge divining the daylight from night is called the circle of illumination. (NASA, 2000) The above phenomenon is represented diagrammatically as below: Material Required for Artefact: Four wooden sticks of different length (1 piece: 18 cm, 2 piece: 6 cm, 1 piece: 12 cm) Two small wooden bars (6 cm x 1.5 cm x 1.5 cm) One flat Cardboard (20 cm x 7.5 cm) One rolling rod One used platic ball (approx size of golf ball) One battery operated small bulb system Bolts to assemble the above components (approx 18 in numbers) Recycled products used: Flat Cardboard (taken out from a packaging of electronic equipment) Used plastic ball (old ball not in use any more) Rolling rod (bicycle spoke) Assembly: 1) Cardboard is used as a base and using drill to make holes attach the two small wooden bars to base (refer picture 1a and picture 1b in powerpoint) 2) Now separately, using the bicycle spoke bend it shape as below (refer picture 2 in power point) 3) Now as ball represents earth in our case, we will use above rod as axis. So we will do holes on 2 ends diametrically apart. After this we will put rod in the ball holes. (Refer picture 3a and picture 3b in powerpoint). After this separate the ball and rod, as we will be using them in later steps 4) Now using the three wooden sticks of different length (1 piece: 18 cm, 2 piece: 6 cm) prepare a stack. This will hold the earth (Refer picture 4 in powerpoint) 5) Now assemble the rod, ball and stack so that rod, ball fits in the middle part of stack. (Refer picture 5 in powerpoint) 6) Now add component made in step#5 to cardboard base made in step#1 (refer picture 6 in powerpoint) 7) Separately attach battery operated small bulb system to remaining one wooden stick (of length 12 cm; refer picture 7 in powerpoint). 8) Now add the components made in part#6 and part #7 so as to form the model.( refer picture 8 in powerpoint) Conclusion Finally the artefact is ready (as shown in picture below). Through the artefact we can understand the concept of day and night, visualise its occurrence, how it happens, why it happens, what frequency it happens. References ThePetRockFamily. (01 Mar , 2011). Day and Night and Earth's Rotation. Retrieved 26 August 2016 from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pLl8sDZRSYg Crash Course Kids.(29 Apr, 2015). Earth's Rotation Revolution: Crash Course Kids. Retrieved 27 August 2016 from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l64YwNl1wr0 Matt Williams. (27 May, 2016). Universe Today | What causes Day and Night. Retrieved 26 August 2016 from https://www.universetoday.com/47181/earths-rotation/ NASA.(2000). Blue marble Earth. Retrieved 27 August from https://www.universetoday.com/14367/planet-earth/ Douglas Bennett. (2000-2001).Earth's Rotation and the Apparent Daily Motion of the Sky. Retrieved 27 August 2016 from https://www.polaris.iastate.edu/NorthStar/Unit3/unit3_sub1.htm Mandy Barrow.(2013).Why do we have day and night? Retrieved 28th August 2016 from https://resources.woodlands-junior.kent.sch.uk/time/?o=600606l=dirqsrc=990qo=contentpagerelatedsearchad=seoap=google.com.sgan=seo LittleOrisek1 (Dec 13, 2011). The Axis of Rotation. Retrieved 28th August 2016 from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9n04SEzuvXo Kidport.(2012). The Planet Earth. Retrieved 28th August 2016 from https://www.kidport.com/reflib/science/space/earth.htm